Beam bridges

 

 

Beam bridges are the simplest structural forms for bridge spans supported by an abutment or pier at each end. No moments are transferred throughout the support; hence their structural type is known as simply supported.

 

Arch Bridge

 

An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side.

 

Truss bridge

 

A truss bridge is a bridge whose    load-bearing superstructure is     composed of a truss, a structure of    connected elements, usually forming      triangular units. The connected   elements (typically straight) may be stressed from tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to      dynamic loads.

 

Cantilever Bridge

 

A cantilever bridge is a bridge built using cantilevers, structures that project horizontally into space, supported on only one end. For small footbridges, the cantilevers may be simple beams; however, large cantilever bridges designed to handle road or rail traffic use trusses built from structural steel, or box girders built from prestressed concrete.

 

Suspension bridge

A suspension bridge is one of the most popular bridge designs. It features a cable support system that distributes the weight of the bridge deck between the two towers. The smaller cables (known as suspenders) span from the bridge deck upwards to the main supporting cables. Their job is to transfer the deck’s weight to the towers through the main supporting cables. The main supporting cables are the graceful cable arcs that run from the towers to the anchorages located at each of the bridge’s ends.

Cable-stayed Bridge

A bridge in which the weight of the deck is supported by a number of cables running directly to one or more towers. Form the mechanical point of view, the cable-stayed bridge is a continuous girder bridge supported by elastic supports. The cable-stayed bridge ranks first for a span range approximately from 150 to 600 m, which has spanning capacity longer than that of cantilever bridges, truss bridges, arch bridges, and box girder bridges, but shorter than that of suspension bridges.